Insulatorsyog tshwj xeeb rwb thaiv tsev tswj uas tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov kab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob.Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov xyoo, insulators feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob ncej, thiab maj mam tsim mus rau hauv high-voltage hlau kev twb kev txuas yees uas muaj ntau disc-shaped insulators tau dai ntawm ib kawg.Nws tau siv los ua kom qhov kev ncua deb, feem ntau yog ua los ntawm iav los yog ceramics, thiab hu ua insulator.Insulators ua si ob lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov kab hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob, uas yog txhawb nqa cov xov hlau thiab tiv thaiv tam sim no rov qab los rau hauv av.Ob txoj haujlwm no yuav tsum tau lav.Insulators yuav tsum tsis txhob poob vim muaj ntau yam kev ntxhov siab electromechanical los ntawm kev hloov hauv ib puag ncig thiab hluav taws xob load.Txwv tsis pub, lub insulator yuav tsis ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, thiab nws yuav ua rau lub neej kev pabcuam thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho cov kab.
Insulator: Nws yog ib yam khoom uas kho thiab tshem tawm cov xaim ntawm tus pej thuam hauv ib qho insulated.Feem ntau siv cov insulators rau cov kab xa hluav taws xob yog: disc-shaped porcelain insulators, disc-shaped iav insulators,
Qws ncua kev kawm ntawvcomposite insulators.(1) Porcelain lub raj mis insulators: cov porcelain insulators hauv tsev muaj tus nqi siab ntawm kev puas tsuaj, yuav tsum kuaj xyuas qhov tsis muaj nuj nqis, thiab muaj kev saib xyuas loj.
Nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim ntawm xob laim ntaus thiab muaj kuab paug flashovers, txoj hlua poob xwm txheej yog nquag tshwm sim, thiab lawv tau maj mam tshem tawm.(2) Iav insulator: Nws muaj pes tsawg tus kheej tawg, tab sis tus kheej tawg tus nqi tsawg heev (feem ntau yog ob peb kaum txhiab).Tsis tas yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas.Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus kheej-tawg ntawm lub tempered iav qhov chaw, cov residual mechanical zog tseem yuav ncav cuag ntau tshaj 80% ntawm lub zog quab yuam, uas tseem tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm txoj kab.Yuav tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej poob hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm xob laim thiab cov pa phem flashovers.Nws tau dav siv nyob rau hauv chav kawm I thiab Class II cov pa phem.(3) Composite insulator: Nws muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo los tiv thaiv kev ua qias tuaj, lub teeb yuag, muaj zog txhua yam, thiab kev saib xyuas tsawg dua, thiab tau siv dav hauv cov pa phem ntawm qib III thiab siab dua.
Porcelain insulators: Insulators feem ntau hu ua porcelain fwj, uas yog cov insulators siv los txhawb cov xov hlau.Insulators tuaj yeem ua kom muaj rwb thaiv tsev txaus rau cov neeg siv khoom, hla caj npab thiab cov yees.Nws yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tiv taus cov load nyob rau hauv txoj kab ntsug ntawm cov hlau thiab qhov nro nyob rau hauv txoj kab rov tav thaum ua haujlwm.Nws kuj tiv taus lub hnub, nag, kev hloov pauv huab cua thiab tshuaj lom neeg corrosion.Yog li ntawd, insulators yuav tsum muaj ob qho tib si hluav taws xob zoo thiab muaj zog txhua yam txaus.Qhov zoo ntawm cov insulator tseem ceeb heev rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov kab.Insulators tuaj yeem muab faib ua kev txhawb nqa insulators, suspension insulators, anti-pollution insulators thiab bushing insulators raws li lawv cov qauv.Raws li lub hom phiaj, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg: kab insulators, substation txhawb insulators thiab bushings.Raws li cov khoom ntawm cov insulator.Tam sim no muaj cov porcelain, iav thiab organic composite insulators.Cov insulators siv nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj siv ua haujlwm feem ntau yog siv tus pin insulators, npauj npaim insulators, suspension insulators, porcelain cross-arms, qws insulators thiab nro insulators.Muaj ob hom hluav taws xob faults nyob rau hauv insulators: flashover thiab tawg.Flashover tshwm sim nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub insulator, thiab hlawv cov cim yuav pom, tab sis feem ntau cov rwb thaiv tsev kev ua tau zoo tsis ploj;Kev puas tsuaj tshwm sim hauv cov insulator, thiab cov paug tawm tshwm sim los ntawm lub cev ceramic ntawm lub hau hlau thiab cov hlau ko taw.Insulators tej zaum yuav puas tag los ntawm arcing.Rau qhov kev puas tsuaj, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau kev kuaj xyuas cov kab mob tawm thiab kub hnyiab ntawm cov hlau taw.Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj av xws li cov plua plav ntab los ntawm adhering mus rau saum npoo ntawm lub insulator, ib txoj hauv kev uas yog tawg los ntawm qhov hluav taws xob ntawm ob qho kawg ntawm lub insulator, uas yog, creepage.Yog li ntawd, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm qhov saum npoo yog nce, uas yog, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm qhov nkag, thiab qhov kev ncua deb uas tawm mus raws li qhov chaw insulating, uas yog, qhov kev ncua deb yog hu ua qhov kev ncua deb.
Creepage nrug = nto deb / qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov system.Raws li qib ntawm kev ua qias tuaj, qhov kev ncua deb yog feem ntau 31 mm / ib kilovolt nyob rau hauv hnyav hnyav.Qhov voltage tuaj yeem txiav txim ncaj qha raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov insulators, feem ntau, 23 rau 500kv;16 rau 330kv;220kv 9;.110kv 5;qhov no yog tus lej tsawg kawg nkaus, thiab yuav muaj ib lossis ob qho ntxiv.500kv kis tau tus mob ib txwm siv plaub-split conductors, uas yog, muaj plaub rau ib theem, 220kv siv ntau tshaj ob cais conductors, thiab 110kv siv ib tug ntxiv.Txog 1 insulator yog 6-10KV, 3 insulators yog 35KV, 60KV kab tsis tsawg tshaj li 5 daim, 7 insulators yog 110KV, 11 insulators yog 220KV, 16 insulators yog 330KV;28 insulators yog tiag tiag 500KV.Rau tus pin insulators hauv qab 35KV, tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom.10KV nyiaj siv ua haujlwm feem ntau siv 10-12m ib qho cement ncej thiab tus pin insulators.Txoj kab ncaj nraim ntawm tus ncej yog li 70-80m.Tsis muaj hlau thav duab rau 10KV, tsuas yog ib tug ncej nrog peb-voltage kab ntawm nws.Muaj nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nyob deb nroog;35KV nyiaj siv ua haujlwm feem ntau yog siv 15-meter ib leeg lossis ob chav cement ncej (tseem siv cov hlau me me, qhov siab yog nyob rau hauv 15-20 meters) thiab 2-3 daim ntawm npauj npaim insulators, txoj kab ncaj nraim ntawm cov ncej qhov deb yog txog 120 meters;220KV yeej yog ib tug loj hlau ntauwd.220KV overhead kab feem ntau yog siv cov hlau ntau tshaj 30 meters thiab cov hlua ntev ntawm npauj npaim insulators.Txoj kab ncaj nraim ntawm cov tuam tsev hlau yog ntau tshaj 200 meters.Composite insulators: Ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob thiab kev txhim kho kev ntseeg siab ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob yog qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov tuam txhab hluav taws xob, thiab kev siv cov khoom siv high-tech tsis tu ncua yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los daws qhov teeb meem no.Raws li cov khoom tshiab, silicone roj hmab sib xyaw insulator muaj qhov zoo ntawm lub teeb yuag, me me, tiv thaiv flashover, kev laus tsis kam, txij nkawm-dawb thiab tu-dawb, thiab tau siv dav hauv 35kV thiab 110kV kab.
Post lub sij hawm: Jan-30-2023